Out of all of the personal financial strategies, one of the most lucrative financial moves is that of purchasing property to lease out to renters. Doing this, if done correctly, can earn you a fantastic return on your investment, as well as make you a passive income. If you follow some basic guidelines, it could be a viable option for you. Below is a real estate investing guide for beginners, with answers to basic questions first time rental investors often ask.
What is Passive Income?
Any time you make money, the IRS will have to be involved, so it is important to know their rules and definitions. The IRS states that passive income is income “from trade or business activities in which you do not materially participate.” Basically, if you are not physically active in making your money, then it is passive income.
One of the most popular passive income ideas is investing in rental properties — second only to dividend investing. This is not true if renting out properties is your main source of income and how you spend your time. But for those who have a rental property or two in addition to another active job, it is indeed passive income.
Different Kinds of Rental Properties
There is the possibility of buying a commercial building and renting to a business, but the financing for that becomes tricky since you have to go the commercial lending route.
Most investors choose to rent residential properties. The most common is to rent out a single-family home. This will be the easiest to find a tenant for, and easier to sell later. You can also purchase duplexes, triplexes, and four-plexes to rent. As long as there are fewer than five units, you can finance them as homes, making that part of the deal much easier.
You can choose to go with low-income housing, and although your collected rent will be less, so will all related expenses.
Last, but not the final choice by any means, you can buy vacation homes and rent them on a daily or weekly basis. There are many other creative ways to buy and rent buildings, but these choices give you a defined outline of the options.
Do You Need a Property Management Company?
Can you handle all the requirements of being a landlord on your own? If you can answer yes to any of the following questions, you may want to consider hiring a property management company:
- Do you live quite a distance from your property or properties?
- Are you prepared to deal with the hassles and possibly messy situations (collecting late rent, fights on the premises, etc.)?
- Are you already overwhelmed by the pending duties and responsibilities?
- Do you need help finding tenants?
- Are you aware of the laws and tax ramifications and ready to do all the record-keeping these require?
- Are you able to be on call for your tenants at all times?
I’m a huge fan of outsourcing the work to a property management firm. This makes your income more passive and gets rid of a lot of the headaches associated with rental property.
How to Hire a Property Management Company
Keep in mind that the company will act on your behalf in many situations, so be sure they will represent you well. Here are some tips:
- Make sure to compare the fees to what they offer in exchange. The cheaper company may not do as much for you and create more expense for you in other ways.
- Review the details of any contract before signing and make sure you know all the fees you must pay as well as all the fees they pay.
- Do a background check on any company you are seriously considering and check their references.
Personally, I’m all for hiring someone to outsource the dirty work — this allows you to focus on other ways to earn a passive income. Outsourcing enables you to focus on expanding your income, rather than just keeping what you already have.
What Kind of Return Can I Expect?
There is no set answer to that question, but what your tenant is paying will be the key factor. It is smart to pick a rent charge that will cover your mortgage payment, real estate taxes, and any insurance. Also, you should be putting some money into reserves for future repairs and maintenance.
Also, be sure to have some funds saved up for tax time. Any income you make on paper will be taxed. When you file your yearly federal tax return (and possibly state), you will file a Schedule E along with it. This form will detail your rental income and expenses. Applicable expenses are mortgage interest, insurance, real estate taxes, repairs and maintenance, the property management fees if you use a company and the depreciation value of the building.
The difference between your income and these expenses will be your taxable passive income.
Any professional tax preparer should be able to help you with this. Their fee is tax-deductible as well (one of the reasons you should hire a tax professional).
The information here is not all-inclusive, of course, but should help you decide if building a passive income with a rental property is a good avenue for you. Make sure to read the guide to investing in fixer-upper rentals. Once you do all the groundwork, building a passive income from a rental property is one of the best passive income streams.
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Shaun Connell is a full-time personal finance blogger and student living in rural Arkansas. He runs several blogs on investing and finance, including a daily blog on gold, and a weekly blog on wealth management. Shaun firmly believes in dividend investing, debt-free living, and long-term financial planning.
Glad to see this post that you mentioned last week. Thanks for sharing the information.
My property managers charge 8%, and that’s fair. It’s crucial to keep a professional distance between you and your renters: ideally, they shouldn’t know how to reach you. Otherwise they’ll call you every time the carpet gets dirty. It’ll save you hours every month, and be a godsend should you have to track down a recalcitrant tenant who’s either late with the payments or complains about things not specified in your rental agreement. If a tenant needs to get evicted, or stay in a hotel for a couple of days in the unlikely event of a carbon monoxide leak, it’s… Read more »
Shaun, when did you buy your rental properties, and do you plan to buy more in this market?
Do some states require home owners insurance by law? I’ve never heard of that. The banks definitely require it if you have a mortgage.
Shaun,
Thanks for the clear explanations. Very much appreciate the details, especially about what a property manager’s role is.
Regarding Jim’s question about home insurance, do you know how I would find reliable national home insurance companies? Is there a website which ranks them according to customer service or some other important factors?
I am looking for companies which insure rental properties for the landlords.
Do you know how I can go about finding a good insurance company to insure my rental property?
Is there a website which rates insurance companies?
What is your opinion…lock into properties with historical 30 year mortgages or pay cash?
Yes residentail properties are lower risk in my opinion, but once you’ve gained some experience in property investing you can look at buying a well positioned commercial property. You can get higher rental returns but the downside is that if there is a period of vacancy, it can last months…maybe years if the economy goes bad in that sectore.